Einstein's special theory of relativity was published in 1905. It stands as one of the greatest intellectual achievements in the history of human thought.
Alexander Graham Bell is best known for his invention of the telephone - many inventors had been working on the idea of sending human speech by wire, but Bell was the first to succeed.
Nobel, who invented dynamite, endowed a $9 million fund in his will. The interest on this endowment was to be used as awards for people whose work most benefited humanity.
Carl Gustav Jung was the most enigmatic and controversial disciple of Sigmund Freud. He introduced to psychoanalysis crucial questions about religion and the soul which Freud neglected.
Douglas Adams was the creator of all the various manifestations of The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, which started life as a BBC Radio 4 series in March 1978.